![]() If the command returns something like No such file or directory, or no matches found, it means that the user does not have SSH keys, and you can proceed with the next step and generate SSH key pair. To check whether the key files exist, run the following ls command: ls -l ~/.ssh/id_*.pub If you generate a new key pair, the old one will be overwritten. The chances are that you already have an SSH key pair on your Ubuntu client machine. We’ll also show you how to set up an SSH key-based authentication and connect to remote Linux servers without entering a password. This article explains how to generate SSH keys on Ubuntu 20.04 systems. The two most common ones are password and public-key based authentication.Īuthentication using a public key is based on the use of digital signatures, and it is more secure and convenient than traditional password authentication. SSH supports various authentication mechanisms. With SSH, you can run commands on remote machines, create tunnels, forward ports, and more. The connection is now highly secure as it uses a set of unique, encrypted SSH keys.Secure Shell (SSH) is a network protocol for creating a secure connection between a client and a server. If everything works, you can close out and resume work normally.īy following the instructions in this tutorial, you have setup SSH-key-based authentication on an Ubuntu 18.04 server. Verify that SSH is still working before ending the session: ssh _IP Save the file and exit, then restart the SSH service: sudo systemctl restart ssh Search the file and find the PasswordAuthentication option.Įdit the file and change the value to no. The server will only accept a login with your private key to match the stored public key.Įdit the sshd_config file: sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config If you’re the only person logging into the server, you can disable the password. This step creates an added layer of security. ![]() It will ask if you are sure you want to connect – type yes and press Enter. If this is the first time you’ve logged into the server, you may see a message similar to the one in part two. If you used a security passphrase, you would be prompted to enter it. ![]() The system should not ask for a password as it is negotiating a secure connection using the SSH keys. To log in to a remote server, input the command: ssh _IP Use the following command: cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh _host "mkdir -p ~/.ssh & touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys & chmod -R go= ~/.ssh & cat > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys" Step 3- Log in to the Remote Server If your system does not have the ssh-copy-id command, you can copy the key manually over the SSH. The system should display: Number of key(s) added: 1 Alternate Method to Manually Copy the SSH Key The system will copy the contents of the ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub from the client system into the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys directory of the server system. Type it in (the system won’t display the password), and press Enter. Then it will prompt you to enter the password for the server user account. ![]() The system will check your client system for the id_rsa.pub key that was previously generated. If this is the first time you’re connecting to the server, you may see a message that the authenticity of the host cannot be established: The authenticity of host '192.168.0.15 (192.168.0.15)' can't be established.ĮCDSA key fingerprint is fd:fd:d4:f9:77:fe:73:84:e1:55:00:ad:d6:6d:22:fe.Īre you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? Replace server_IP with the actual IP address of your server. On the client system, use the ssh-copy-id command to copy the identity information to the Ubuntu server: ssh-copy-id
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